Wind turbines convert the energy in the wind into mechanical and electrical energy. In off-grid applications, wind generators can be combined with other energy sources, such as generators to ensure a stable energy supply. The use of wind power is an effective alternative to conventional fossil fuels to augment electrification, and can be applied to satisfy basic energy services for productive uses in SMEs or the residential sector.

UNIDO's wind energy projects generally comprise of stand-alone or small-size wind farms. Wind energy based projects are currently under implementation in Cuba, and the Maldives which the aim to providing Small Island Developing States with "local and renewable" power. UNIDO's Renewable Energy programme also provides assistance to governments in promoting the use of wind energy in national grid systems to decrease their dependence on conventional fossil fuels as well as reduce emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs).